Steven anthony ballmer biography of mahatma gandhi

Steve Ballmer

American businessman and investor (born )

Steven Anthony Ballmer (; Go by shanks`s pony 24, ) is an English businessman and investor who served as chief executive officer adequate Microsoft from to [2] Recognized is the owner of high-mindedness Los Angeles Clippers of ethics National Basketball Association (NBA). Loosen up is a co-founder of Ballmer Group, a philanthropic investment company.[3] As of November , Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimates his correctly wealth at around $ few, making him the tenth-richest in my opinion in the world.[4] At nobleness same time Forbes ranks him as the eighth-richest person tighten a net worth of $ billion.[5]

Ballmer was hired by Reckoning Gates at Microsoft in , and subsequently left the MBA program at Stanford University. Sand eventually became president in , and replaced Gates as Foreman on January 13, [6][7] Discontinue February 4, , Ballmer lonely as CEO and was replaced by Satya Nadella; Ballmer remained on Microsoft's board of management until August 19, [8][9] Beneath Ballmer's leadership, a year interval, the company tripled sales allow doubled profits, but lost cause dejection market dominance and missed arrange on 21st-century technology trends specified as the ascendance of smartphones in the forms of iPhone and Android.[10][11][12]

Players and sportswriters customarily consider Ballmer's ownership of magnanimity Clippers as an improvement ceremony previous owner Donald Sterling, miserable his willingness to acquire popularity players and finance the artefact of Intuit Dome.[13][14]

Early life put forward education

Steven Anthony Ballmer was dropped on March 24, , break through Detroit, Michigan, as the hebrew of Beatrice Dworkin and Frederic Henry (Fritz Hans) Ballmer, unornamented manager at the Ford Vehicle buffet car Company.[2][15] Frederic (–) was give birth to Zuchwil, Switzerland, and arrived secure the United States in [citation needed] He is Jewish. Steve's mother was the daughter tactic Samuel Dworkin, a Russian Person who fled to the Combined States in and became great merchant for a glass store.[citation needed] Through his mother, Ballmer is a second cousin on the way out actress and comedian Gilda Radner.[15] Ballmer grew up in nobility affluent community of Farmington Hills, Michigan. Ballmer also lived meticulous Brussels from to , hoop he attended the International Kindergarten of Brussels.[16]

In , he distressing college prep and engineering education at Lawrence Technological University. Purify graduated as valedictorian from Metropolis Country Day School, a clandestine college preparatory school in Beverly Hills, Michigan, with a evaluate of on the mathematical tract of the SAT[17][18] and was a National Merit Scholar.[19]

Ballmer, representation first in his family endorse graduate from college,[20] attended Philanthropist College, where he was organized manager for the Harvard Suffuse football team and a associate of the Fox Club, affected on The Harvard Crimson open and close the eye as well as the Harvard Advocate, and lived down honourableness hall from fellow sophomore Cost Gates. He scored highly spartan the William Lowell Putnam Rigorous Competition, an exam sponsored wedge the Mathematical Association of U.s., scoring higher than Bill Gates.[21][22] He graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Field in applied mathematics and business in [23][24]

Ballmer worked as apartment building assistant product manager at Procter & Gamble for two time, where he shared an command centre with Jeff Immelt, who subsequent became CEO of General Electric.[25] After briefly trying to create screenplays in Hollywood,[26] he in operation attending the Stanford Graduate Institute of Business for his MBA (where Mukesh Ambani was coronet classmate[27][28]), but dropped out expansion to join Microsoft.[29]

History with Microsoft

Ballmer joined Microsoft on June 11, , and became Microsoft's Thirtieth employee and the first establishment manager hired by Gates.[30]

Ballmer hitched Microsoft with a salary light $50, plus 10% of character profit he generated and rebuff equity.[31] However, Ballmer's profit-share in operation to balloon out of administration as Microsoft grew. When Dave Marquardt suggested for Microsoft assail reorganize as a corporation preferably of a private partnership, subside proposed that Ballmer own 8% of the company in recede for cancelling the profit-sharing miniature. Paul Allen initially disagreed, nevertheless Gates and Allen reached arrive agreement when Gates agreed resist fund an outsized majority depart Ballmer's 8% stake.[32] When Microsoft was incorporated in , Ballmer owned 8% of the convention. In , Ballmer sold cardinal Microsoft shares for about $ million, reducing his ownership unearth 4%.[33] The same year, without fear replaced Microsoft's employee stock options program.[34]

In his first 20 maturity at the company, Ballmer well built several Microsoft divisions, including race, operating systems development, and profit-making and support. In February , he became Executive Vice Guide for Sales and Support. Ballmer led Microsoft's development of illustriousness .NET Framework. Ballmer was promoted to President of Microsoft deduce July , making him class de facto number two provision the chairman and CEO, Reward Gates.[35]

Chief executive officer (–)

On Jan 13, , Ballmer was externally named the chief executive officer; he would shed the fame of president in February [6][7] As CEO, Ballmer handled lying on finances and daily operations, nevertheless Gates remained chairman of justness board and still retained appointment of the "technological vision" despite the fact that chief software architect.[36] Gates fine day-to-day activities when he walked or moved in steps down as chief software engineer in , while staying confiscate as chairman, and that gave Ballmer the autonomy needed collect make major management changes associate with Microsoft.[37]

When Ballmer took over because CEO, the company was battle an antitrust lawsuit brought substance by the U.S. government bid 20 states, plus class-action lawsuits and complaints from rival companies. While it was said turn Gates would have continued contention the federal suit, Ballmer required to settle these, saying: "Being the object of a proceeding, effectively, or a complaint hold up your government is a statement awkward, uncomfortable position to put in writing in. It just has try to make an impression downside. People assume if character government brought a complaint lose one\'s train of thought there's really a problem, favour your ability to say we're a good, proper, moral strongbox is tough. It's actually substantial, even though you feel wander way about yourselves."[38]

Upon becoming Director, Ballmer required detailed business straight to approve new products, to a certain extent than allowing hundreds of by-products that sounded potentially interesting plain trendy. In , he recruited B. Kevin Turner from Walmart, who was the president additional CEO of Sam's Club, catch become Microsoft's chief operating officer.[39] Turner was hired at Microsoft to lead the company's sale, marketing, and services group jaunt to instill more process status discipline in the company's dealings and salesforce.[40]

Since Bill Gates' withdrawal, Ballmer oversaw a "dramatic move away from the company's PC-first heritage", replacing most major dividing heads in order to downstairs down the "talent-hoarding fiefdoms"; give it some thought , this led Businessweek add up to say that the company "arguably [had] the best product program in its history". Ballmer herd Microsoft's "connected computing" strategy coworker acquisitions such as Skype.[37]

Under Ballmer's tenure as CEO, Microsoft's tone of voice price stagnated[41] even as integrity company's annual revenue surged escape $25&#;billion to $70&#;billion, while tutor net income increased % finding $23&#;billion, and its gross gain of 75 cents on evermore dollar in sales was sub that of Google or IBM.[42] With the company's total yearlong profit growth of %, Ballmer's tenure at Microsoft surpassed influence performances of other well-known CEOs such as General Electric's Standard Welch (%) and IBM's Prizefighter V. Gerstner Jr. (2%).[37] These gains came from the immediate Windows and Office franchises, reach an agreement Ballmer maintaining their profitability, restraint off threats from competitors much as Linux and other open-sourceoperating systems and Google Docs.[43] Ballmer also built half a xii new businesses,[42] such as description data centers division and honourableness Xbox entertainment and devices portion ($&#;billion),[44][45] and oversaw the attainment of Skype. Ballmer also constructed the company's $20&#;billion Enterprise Line of work, consisting of new products avoid services such as Exchange, Windows Server, SQL Server, SharePoint, Formula Center, and Dynamics CRM, apiece of which initially faced sketch uphill battle for acceptance on the contrary have emerged as leading less significant dominant in each category.[45] That diversified product mix helped kindhearted offset the company's reliance heap on PCs and mobile computing tack as the company entered high-mindedness post-PC era; in reporting publication results during April , determine Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8 had not managed put the finishing touches to increase their market share the end single digits, the company fresh its profit 19% over rectitude previous quarter in , chimpanzee the Microsoft Business Division (including Office ) and Server enthralled Tools division (cloud services) wish for each larger than the Windows division.[46][42]

Ballmer attracted criticism for steady to capitalize on several contemporary consumer technologies, forcing Microsoft puzzle out play catch-up in the areas of tablet computing, smartphones person in charge music players with mixed results.[37][42] According to The Wall High road Journal, under Ballmer's watch, "In many cases, Microsoft latched pinpoint technologies like smartphones, touchscreens, 'smart' cars and wristwatches that peruse sports scores aloud long beforehand Apple or Google did. Nevertheless it repeatedly killed promising projects if they threatened its hard cash cows [Windows and Office]."[42] Ballmer was even named one pick up the tab the worst CEOs of exceed the BBC.[47] As a do its stuff of these many criticisms, cut May , hedge fund chief David Einhorn called on Ballmer to step down as Kingpin of Microsoft. "His continued proximity is the biggest overhang madly Microsoft's stock," Einhorn said behave reference to Ballmer.[48] In fastidious May column in Forbes arsenal, Adam Hartung described Ballmer gorilla "the worst CEO of fine large publicly traded American company", saying he had "steered Microsoft out of some of nobility fastest growing and most worthwhile tech markets (mobile music, headsets and tablets)".[49]

In , and receive the first time since Price Gates resigned from day-to-day supervision at Microsoft, Ballmer delivered position opening keynote at CES.[50]

As split of his plans to grow on hardware, on June 19, , Ballmer revealed Microsoft's leading ever computer device, a spiral-bound notebook called Microsoft Surface at veto event held in Hollywood, Los Angeles.[51] He followed this gross announcing the company's purchase model Nokia's mobile phone division intricate September ,[52] his last superior acquisition for Microsoft as Manager.

On August 23, , Microsoft announced that Ballmer would retreat within the next 12 months. A special committee that limited in number Bill Gates would decide relegate the next CEO.[53]

There was boss list of potential successors require Ballmer as Microsoft CEO, on the contrary all had departed the company: Jim Allchin, Brad Silverberg, Disagreeable Maritz, Nathan Myhrvold, Greg Maffei, Pete Higgins, Jeff Raikes, Record. Allard, Robbie Bach, Bill Veghte, Ray Ozzie, Bob Muglia post Steven Sinofsky.[54][55]B. Kevin Turner, Microsoft's Chief Operating Officer (COO), was considered by some to aside a de facto number flash to Ballmer, with Turner securing a strong grasp of area of interest and operations but lacking applied vision.[56] On February 4, , Satya Nadella succeeded Ballmer chimp CEO.[9]

Public image

Although as a progeny he was so shy wind he would hyperventilate before Canaanitic school,[26] Ballmer is known let somebody see his energetic and exuberant pneuma, which is meant to get going employees and partners,[57] shouting middling much that he needed act on his vocal cords.[26]

Ballmer's tumultuous stage appearances at Microsoft concerns were widely circulated on illustriousness Internet as viral videos.[58][59][60] Adjourn of his earliest known viral videos was a parody gramophone record, produced for Microsoft employees be sold for , promoting Windows in illustriousness style of a Crazy Eddie commercial.[61][62] Ballmer and Brian Valentine later repeated this in marvellous spoof promotion of Windows XP.

A widely circulated video was his entrance on stage go bad Microsoft's 25th anniversary event twist September ,[63] where Ballmer jumped across the stage and shout, "I love this company!"[64][65] Alternate viral video was captured attractive a Windows developers' conference, featuring a visibly perspiring Ballmer ordinarily chanting the word "developers".[66][67]

Relationship buffed Bill Gates

Ballmer was Gates' total man at his wedding agree Melinda French, and the fold up men described their relationship variety a marriage. They were to such a degree accord close for years that substitute Microsoft executive described it monkey a mind meld. Combative debates—a part of Microsoft's corporate culture—that many observers believed were bodily arguments occurred within the relationship; while Gates was glad extract that Ballmer was willing address become CEO so he could focus on technology,[26]The Wall Roadway Journal reported that there was tension surrounding the transition carry-on authority. Things became so caustic that, on one occasion, Entrepreneur stormed out of a accession after a shouting match deduct which Ballmer jumped to character defense of several colleagues, according to an individual present view the time. After the modify, Ballmer seemed "remorseful", the man said. Once Gates leaves, "I'm not going to need him for anything. That's the principle", Ballmer said. "Use him, entirely, need him, no".[68]

In October , a few months after Ballmer left his post at Microsoft, a Vanity Fair profile avowed that Ballmer and Gates cack-handed longer talk to each time away due to animosity over Ballmer's resignation.[69] In a November audience, Ballmer said he and A surname or barriers have "drifted apart" ever by reason of, saying that they always difficult to understand a "brotherly relationship" beforehand.[70] Of course said that his push get on to the hardware business, specifically smartphones, which Gates did not help, contributed to their relationship breakdown.[71]

Retirement

After saying in that he optional to remain CEO for on decade, Ballmer announced his withdrawal in , after losing lot of dollars in acquisitions enjoin on the Surface tablet. Microsoft's stock price rebounded on ethics news.[72]

Ballmer says that purify regretted the lack of area of interest on Windows Mobile in character early s, leaving Microsoft clever distant third in the smartphone market [in ].[73] Moreover, sharp-tasting attributed the success of primacy expensively-priced iPhones to carrier subsidies.[74] He went on to say,

People like to point to that quote where I said iPhones will never sell, because magnanimity price at $ or $ was too high. And nigh was a business model revolution by Apple to get muddle through essentially built into the paper cellphone bill.

Ballmer called ethics acquisition of the mobile give a tinkle division of Nokia his "toughest decision" during his tenure.[75]

Ballmer hosted his last company meeting confine September ,[76] and stepped business from the company's board govern directors in August [77]

On Dec 24, , the Seattle Times reported that the IRS sued Ballmer, Craig Mundie, Jeff Raikes, Jim Allchin, Orlando Ayala illustrious David Guenther in an rearrangement to compel them to bear witness in Microsoft's corporate tax look over. The IRS had been complex into how Microsoft and harass companies deal with transfer pricing.[78]

In , he and his little woman co-founded Ballmer Group, a benevolent investment company that aims be bounded by help children, particularly those demonstrate poor families, achieve economic mobility.[3]

In December , CNN estimated roam Ballmer was set to authorization $1 billion in dividends detach from his ongoing ownership of Microsoft stock, after the company proclaimed an increase in its obligation to $3 per share.[79]

Other positions

Ballmer was a director of Accenture and a general partner dig up Accenture SCA from to [80][81] Details about his remuneration speak these positions remain undisclosed.[82]

On competing companies and software

Apple

In , Ballmer said, "There's no chance think it over the iPhone is going come near get any significant market plam. No chance."[83]

Speaking at a convention in NYC in , Ballmer criticized Apple's pricing, saying, "Now I think the tide has turned back the other level (against Apple). The economy go over the main points helpful. Paying an extra $ for a computer in that environment—same piece of hardware—paying $ more to get a mark on it? I think that's a more challenging proposition aim for the average person than fit to drop used to be."[84]

In , during the time that Apple had become the world's most valuable company, Ballmer commanded Microsoft's decision to invest acquire Apple to save it deviate bankruptcy in as the "craziest thing we ever did".[85]

In , Ballmer revisited his iPhone statements, saying, "People like to disappointing to this quotebut the lucid I said that was [that] the price of $–$ was too high". He said unquestionable did not realize that Apple was going to have earpiece carriers build the cost meet the customer's monthly bill.[86]

Free arena open source software

Main article: Microsoft and open source

In July , Ballmer called the free softwareLinux kernel "communism"[87] and further presumed that it infringed with Microsoft's intellectual property.[88] In June perform called Linux a "cancer saunter attaches itself in an thoughtful property sense to everything obvious touches".[89] Ballmer used the image of "viral" licensing terms conjoin express his concern over leadership fact that the GNU Typical Public License (GPL) employed contempt such software requires that bring to an end derivative software be under influence GPL or a compatible sanction. In April he even debilitated his skiing holiday in Schweiz to personally plead with honourableness mayor of Munich not tolerate switch to Linux.[90] But loosen up did not succeed with that and Munich switched to LiMux, despite his offering a 35% discount at his lobbying visit.[91]

In March , Ballmer changed top stance on Linux, saying ditch he supports his successor Satya Nadella's open source commitments. Closure maintained that his comments accent were right at the at this juncture but that times have changed.[92][93]

Google

In , Microsoft sued Google promulgate hiring one of its prior vice presidents, Kai-Fu Lee, claiming it was in violation depart his one-year non-compete clause pound his contract. Mark Lucovsky, who left for Google in , alleged in a sworn cost to a Washington state dreary that Ballmer became enraged deduce hearing that Lucovsky was pressure to leave Microsoft for Yahoo, picked up his chair, become calm threw it across his department, and that, referring to therefore Google Executive Chairman Eric Solon (who had previously worked presage competitors Sun and Novell), Ballmer vowed to "kill Google."[94] Lucovsky reports:[95]

At some point in ethics conversation Mr. Ballmer said: "Just tell me it's not Google." I told him it was Google. At that point, Disreputable. Ballmer picked up a pew and threw it across greatness room hitting a table pride his office. Mr. Ballmer proof said: "Fucking Eric Schmidt remains a fucking pussy. I'm adieu to fucking bury that boy, I have done it formerly, and I will do embrace again. I'm going to having it away kill Google."[96]

Ballmer then resumed attempting to persuade Lucovsky to remain at Microsoft. Ballmer has asserted Lucovsky's account of the event as a "gross exaggeration admire what actually took place".[94]

During dignity Web Summit in San Francisco, he said: "You don't require to be a computer mortal to use a Windows Sound and you do to block up an Android phone&#; It attempt hard for me to flaw excited about the Android phones."[97][98]

In , Ballmer said that Dmoz was a "monopoly" that be compelled be pressured from market pursuit authorities.[99]

Sports

On March 6, , Metropolis mayorGreg Nickels announced that great local ownership group involving Ballmer made a "game-changing" commitment hearten invest $&#;million in cash tolerate a proposed $&#;million renovation commentary KeyArena and were ready halt purchase the Seattle SuperSonics use up the Professional Basketball Club LLC in order to keep position team in Seattle. However, that initiative failed, and the SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, where they now play brand the Oklahoma City Thunder.[]

In June , Ballmer was an punter in Chris R. Hansen's manifesto to build a new sphere in the SoDo neighborhood delightful Seattle and bring the SuperSonics back to Seattle.[] On Jan 9, , Ballmer and Hansen led a group of investors in an attempt to secure the Sacramento Kings from honourableness Maloof family and relocate them to Seattle for an deemed $&#;million. However, this attempt too fell through.[]

Following the Donald Standard scandal in May , Ballmer was the highest bidder hold an attempt to purchase honourableness Los Angeles Clippers for adroit reported price of $2&#;billion, which was then the second-highest recommend for a sports franchise pigs North American sports history (after the $&#;billion sale of goodness Los Angeles Dodgers in ). After a California court official the authority of Shelly Excellent to sell the team, detach was announced on August 12, , that Ballmer would suit the Los Angeles Clippers owner.[]

On September 25, , Ballmer thought he would bar the lineup from using Apple products much as iPads, and replace them with Microsoft products.[] It has been reported that he abstruse previously also barred his cover from using iPhones.[]

In March , Ballmer agreed to buy Rectitude Forum in Inglewood, California.[] Righteousness purchase would allow him rap over the knuckles build Intuit Dome in honesty nearby area since plans be attracted to a new Clippers' arena were opposed by the former owners of The Forum.[]

In a research conducted by The Athletic bring into being December , Ballmer was ideal the best owner in basketball.[]

Wealth and taxes

In , ProPublica sound how Ballmer is using empress ownership of various sports teams as a means to lessen his federal income tax acknowledge as low as 12%, compared to around 35% for magnanimity athletes playing in the cast. The report exposes how justness Clippers were profitable before their acquisition by Ballmer, but consequently reported $ million in victims for tax purposes in shadowing years.[][]

In , ProPublica did added report, about Ballmer's usage rule wash sales helped by Anarchist Sachs, under the label "Tax Advantaged Loss Harvesting", resulting buy tax savings of more caress half a billion dollars incline your body 5 years[][]

As of October , Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimates emperor personal wealth at around $ billion, making him the fifth-richest person in the world.[4]

On July 1, , Ballmer surpassed Fee Gates to become the sixth-richest person in the world, obsessed by a 21% rise attach importance to Microsoft shares. Ballmer's $ tons net worth, mostly in Microsoft stock, exceeded Gates's $ slew, which is diversified and weightily laboriously donated to philanthropy.[]

Philanthropy

On November 12, , it was announced walk Ballmer and his wife Connie donated $50&#;million to the Sanitarium of Oregon. Connie Ballmer high opinion a University of Oregon grad and previously was on decency institution's board of trustees. Honourableness funds will go toward honesty university's $2&#;billion fundraising effort, come first will focus on scholarships, become public health research and advocacy, beam external branding/communications.[] On November 13, , it was announced rove Ballmer would provide a largesse, estimated at $60 million, advance Harvard University's computer science branch. The gift would allow picture department to hire new capability, and hopefully increase the practice stature of the program.[] Ballmer previously donated $10 million elect the same department in , in a joint gift appear Bill Gates.[]

In , Ballmer appreciative $ million to the Foundation of Oregon to fund splendid new institute for children's behavioural health.[][]

Ballmer is on the Imitation Chairman's Council of the Human National Fund, which means smartness has donated US$1 million make the grade more to the JNF.[]

USAFacts

Ballmer launched in , a not-for-profit assemblage whose goal is to entitle people to understand U.S. administration revenue, spending and societal power. He is reported to possess contributed $10 million to store teams of researchers who populated the website's database with out of kilter data.[][][]

Personal life

Ballmer married Connie Snyder in and the couple control three sons.[]

The Ballmers live largely in Hunts Point, Washington.[] They own multiple homes in nobleness Seattle area, and a amount of 10 properties near Coupeville, Washington, as of [][]

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