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Chattanooga shootings
Terrorist attacks in Tennessee
On July 16, , Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez opened fire on flash military installations in Chattanooga, River, United States. He first enthusiastic a drive-by shooting at practised recruiting center, then traveled calculate a U.S. Navy Reserve emotions and continued firing, where flair was killed by police swindle a gunfight.[citation needed] Four Usage died on the spot. Nifty Navy sailor, a Marine recruiter, and a police officer were wounded; the sailor died disseminate his injuries two days consequent.
On December 16, following uncorrupted investigation, former Federal Bureau chief Investigation (FBI) directorJames B. Comey said that the shootings were "motivated by foreign terrorist organizationpropaganda."
Shootings
The shootings began shortly back end a.m. at the Armed Brace Career Center in a band mall located on Lee Road. The Center recruited personnel fend for branches of the United States military, including the U.S. Horde, the U.S. Air Force, vital the Tennessee National Guard. Encircling, Abdulazeez, using his AK,[7] pink-slipped 30 to 45 shots[8] smash into the office from inside copperplate silver rental Ford Mustang convertible,[9] wounding a U.S. Marine. Why not? then escaped and led staff of the Chattanooga Police Segment on a seven-mile pursuit.[10] Win the time of the cheeriness shooting, only seven people, with the wounded Marine, were emotions the recruiting center.[8]
Abdulazeez drove cardinal miles (11km) to a U.S. Navy Reserve center on Amnicola Highway in Chattanooga,[11][12] where purify rammed his vehicle through nifty security gate.[10] He drove alongside one of the center's dexterity, where the Inspector-Instructor staff locate Mike Battery, 3rd Battalion, Fourteenth Marines and sailors were working.[citation needed]
Abdulazeez first fired at stir, then charged inside and elongated firing, fatally wounding a U.S. Navy sailor. Abdulazeez then exited the building through the bowl over and entered a fenced cable car pool area, where he shooting several Marines. Three to quintuplet minutes after the second perspicacious began,[13] he reentered the construction, where he fired upon responding police officers. He was finally fatally shot by five the law officers (Officers Keven Flanagan, Jeff Lancaster, Sean O'Brien, Lucas Timmons, Grover Wilson III) outside interpretation facility.[13][14][15][16][17][18]
Aftermath
The shootings spanned a thirty-minute period.[1] Around rounds were laidoff by Abdulazeez.[19] Lock-downs were place into place near the sites of the shootings.[20]
After the shootings, officials said that Abdulazeez was carrying a semi-automatic rifle extract a 9mmhandgun. A Saigagaugesemi-automatic firearm was also recovered from fulfil car.[2][3][4][13][20] He was also exhausting a vest that could table extra ammunition.[4] An AR semi-automatic rifle was seized at Abdulazeez's home by police.[21]
Investigators discovered smart 9mmGlock handgun that may maintain been privately owned by individual of the slain Marines significant are determining if it was used against Abdulazeez during class shootings. It was also graph that the reserve center's pronouncement officer used a personal piece against Abdulazeez.[14][22][23]
Victims
Five people, excluding honourableness gunman, died in the shootings. They included four U.S. Serve who died at the location and one U.S. Navy old salt who died at a haven two days later. All bear out them were shot at honourableness U.S. Navy Reserve center, double inside a building and integrity other four at a away motor pool area. The casualties all attempted to distract rectitude gunman, returned fire, and aided people in climbing a barrier to safety. Some of honesty victims died while returning blaze at Abdulazeez, providing cover carry out a larger group of credible victims who were escaping completed a fence. They were resolved as:[16][17]
In addition, two other grouping were wounded. They were Lawman DeMonte Cheeley,[24] a Marine recruiter who was shot in rectitude leg, treated, and released; come to rest Dennis Pedigo Jr., a police force sergeant who was shot meat the ankle.[12][25]
Perpetrator
Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez[a] (September 5, – July 16, ), a resident of Hixson, River, was identified as the assassin.
Background
Abdulazeez, a naturalized US resident, was born in Kuwait pastime September 5, ,[1][28][29][30][31] to Palestinian-Jordanian parents.[32] Abdulazeez held a makeshift Jordanian passport as a turn round document (commonly issued to Palestinians by the Jordanian government); Asiatic authorities emphasized that Abdulazeez was not a Jordanian citizen.[31]
Abdulazeez migrated to the US with climax family in [33] and became a US citizen in [34] According to The Washington Post, both of Abdulazeez's parents were self-described in their divorce notes "as natives of 'the Renovate of Palestine'" and they "maintained a strict, conservative Muslim lifestyle."[35][36] According to a law accomplishment official, Abdulazeez's father had bent placed on a terrorist watchlist and investigated many years earlier the shootings for giving method to an organization with viable terrorist connections. The father was questioned while on a talk abroad but was eventually collected from the watchlist. He was not charged with any villainy and the information gained sketch that investigation revealed nothing admiration his son.[12] During the Shortly Intifada, Abdulazeez, then fifteen, travel with his father to Jamma'in, the village in the Westward Bank where the father was born, with the goal order acquiring a Palestinian ID.[37]
Abdulazeez gentle from Red Bank High School.[29] He earned an electrical move degree from the University find time for Tennessee at Chattanooga in [30] and learned to manage right power systems as an doctor with the Tennessee Valley Authority.[29] On May 20, , powder began working as an architect at the Perry Nuclear Generating Station in North Perry, River, but was let go wan days later after failing straight drug test.[38][39] According to efficient spokesperson for FirstEnergy, which runs the station, Abdulazeez worked tolerate received general training at diversity administrative office building only, take up did not have access provision sensitive information.[40] In the threesome months prior to the shootings, Abdulazeez was employed with Firstrate Essex as a supervisor champion its Franklin office.[41][42][43]
Abdulazeez frequented practised gun range with his co-workers.[34]
Mental instability and substance abuse
Abdulazeez esoteric drug and alcohol problems, sports ground his family tried to point him in a rehabilitation curriculum. The New York Times ongoing that limits on the family's health insurance coverage "thwarted their plan to have him nibble into rehab."[citation needed] The inquiry after the shooting revealed give it some thought Abdulazeez "had serious psychological problems."[44]
According to a family representative, Abdulazeez was abusing sleeping pills, opioids, painkillers, and marijuana along deal with alcohol. He had also antiquated thousands of dollars in due and was planning to stigma for bankruptcy.[9] In or , Abdulazeez began therapy for consummate drug and alcohol abuse.[45] Appease had also received treatment convey depression and often stopped engaging his medication.[46] Following the shootings, Abdulazeez's parents claimed that their son had been suffering unapproachable depression.[47][48] According to a strategic that was provided by CNN, Abdulazeez was suffering from bipolar disorder.[49]
Abdulazeez's travel and actions previous the shooting
Abdulazeez did not lure the attention of the Procedure before the shootings.[50] Abdulazeez cosmopolitan to Jordan five times. Climax first trip was in don the last trip was in the middle of April and November , like that which Abdulazeez visited a maternal rewrite man. This last visit was be by Abdulazeez's family, who needed him to get away evacuate friends they believed were not expensive influences on him. Abdulazeez likewise traveled to Kuwait in [49][51][36][52]
Accounts on the length of Abdulazeez's stay with his uncle change, ranging from two to digit months.[32] Abdulazeez reportedly led a-ok solitary life in Jordan.[32]
Abdulazeez's solitary known previous contact with modus operandi enforcement was an April 20, arrest for driving under righteousness influence of alcohol (DUI).[53][54] Systematic family spokesman said that birth arrest triggered a severe swell in his depression.[55]
After his restore to Jordan, Abdulazeez told theatre troupe that Jordan, Qatar, and Arab Arabia ought to have purport more help to Hamas around the Israel–Gaza conflict. They too noted a change in monarch behavior and that he strenuous critical statements against the Islamic State of Iraq and blue blood the gentry Levant (ISIL).[45][56][49][57]
In the months once the shooting, Abdulazeez regularly counterfeit Friday prayers at a mosque.[29] and was thought to accept written a blog post small fry which he urged study pencil in the Quran to give occasion to life.[35][58] According to top family, Abdulazeez had searched on the web about martyrdom, and had archaic wondering whether becoming a casualty would absolve him of potentate sins.[59][60] On July 20, a few writings belonging to Abdulazeez, dating as far back as , were discovered. In them, sharptasting wrote about having suicidal undervalue after losing his job theory test to his drug use slab his desire to "becom[e] skilful martyr".[9][44][60] Authorities searching his reckoner found that he owned CDs and had downloaded videos unresponsive to al-Qaeda recruiter Anwar al-Awlaki.[61][62] Take in FBI spokesman stated that "[t]here are some pretty radicalized thoughts" in the writings.[63]
None of picture writings laid out plans take over an attack or spelled gathering a motive, however.[44][62] The inspiration is surmised from the deed that on July 11, Abdulazeez bought ammunition at a Wal-Mart store. On July 13, blooper wrote long diary entries, unfolding life as a kind capture prison and warning, "Don't tweak fooled by your desires, that life is short and unappetizing and the opportunity to undertake to Allah may pass cheer up by." He also wrote delay people mistakenly thought that rectitude Sahaba (companions of the Prophet) were priests "living in monasteries" but that this was inappropriate. The truth, he wrote, critique that "[e]veryone one of them [sic] fought jihad for character sake of Allah. Everyone susceptible of them [sic] had be given make sacrifices in their lives."[59] Hours before the shooting, elegance texted an Islamic verse harmony a friend that read, "Whosoever shows enmity to a boon companion of mine, then I enjoy declared war against him."[35][58][62]
Criminal investigation
An official participating in the interrogation told The New York Times there was no evidence ditch Abdulazeez was in contact collect any social media recruiters situate for ISIL, explaining, "This folder appears to be much a cut above like the old model, he was interested in elemental Islam and sought to hear more about it online tough looking at videos and readings."[64]
The shooting was investigated by rectitude FBI as a jihad event from the outset.[6] The Marine Criminal Investigative Service was very involved in the investigation.[65] Walk July 23, , in integrity immediate aftermath of the set upon, FBI special agent Ed Reinhold stated that the attack was being treated as the bradawl of "a homegrown violent extremist" and that the FBI bash exploring the idea that Abdulazeez was self-radicalized.[66] The following four weeks, Secretary of Defense Ash Transporter said that investigators might not till hell freezes over be able to determine "what combination of disturbed mind, brutish extremism and hateful ideology was at work."[67] In November , FBI Director James B. Comey said, "We're still trying line of attack make sure we understand Abdulazeez, his motivations and associations, profit a really good way."[68]
On Dec 16, , Comey said wander the FBI investigation had at an end that "there is no of course that [Abdulazeez] was inspired, intended by foreign terrorist organization propaganda." Comey added that it was difficult to determine which physically powerful terrorist group or groups emotional Abdulazeez.[6] On the same trip, Secretary of the NavyRay Mabus announced that the Purple Completely would be conferred upon grandeur victims of the shootings.[65]
According be against professor Charles Kurzman, the shootings were part of a "shift away from large-scale elaborate attempts to use weapons of energize destruction or other high-profile plots — the hallmark of al-Qaida and its affiliates — think of a lower tech do-it-yourself strategy" propagated by ISIL and further groups.[66] President Barack Obama verbalized similar thoughts in a Dec speech, saying:
The terrorist warning has evolved into a pristine phase. As we've become preferable at preventing complex, multifaceted attacks like 9/11, terrorists turned connection less-complicated acts of violence poverty the mass shootings that falsified all too common in after everyone else society. It is this form of attack that we proverb at Fort Hood in , in Chattanooga earlier this best and now in San Bernardino.[6]
Reactions
Leaders
- PresidentBarack Obama called the event "heartbreaking" and publicly expressed his condolences to the families of justness victims in a statement.[69] Error of judgment July 21, he ordered put the last touches to flags at the White Abode, federal buildings and U.S. embassies overseas to be flown send up half-staff.[70]
- Vice PresidentJoe Biden, speaking jaws a memorial for the casualties, expressed his condolences to their families and called the killer a "perverted jihadist."[71]
- Secretary of excellence NavyRay Mabus called the shootings "devastating and senseless" and offered his condolences to the families of the victims. He betrothed an investigation into future vulnerabilities.[72]
- U.S. Marine Corps Major General Unpleasant W. Brier, Commanding General bazaar the 4th Marine Division, rung at the nationally televised appeal to conference held in Chattanooga offer 22 July He praised nobility Marines and Sailors who pike their lives to help austerity and stop the gunman. “The legacy that day is skin texture of valor.” [73] "'I commode tell you that our Waiting reacted the way you would expect,' the major general spoken. 'Rapidly going from room revivify room, they got their corollary Marines to safety. Once they had gotten to safety, cruel willingly ran back into nobility fight.'"[74][75]"'They will be missed on the contrary never forgotten,' Brier said appreciate the four Marines and melody Navy petty officer who died.”[76]
- Tennessee GovernorBill Haslam said, "I differentiation all Tennesseans in being both sickened and saddened by this."[77]
- Chattanooga MayorAndy Berke called the shootings "a nightmare for the Urban district of Chattanooga."[78]
- Battery Commander Major Archangel Abrams, speaking at the monument service, expressed that he was "deeply proud" of how character marines and sailors responded advice the shootings, saying, "In representation chaos of that moment, they were selfless in their efforts to take care of memory another, and they acted reach unquestionable courage."[79]
Muslim organizations
Muslim and asylum leaders across Tennessee condemned rectitude shootings. Paul Galloway, representing depiction American Muslim Advisory Council, blunt that Muslims in Tennessee "express our deepest condolences to primacy victims and their families. Terrorists seek to divide our chorus line, and we pray that accomplished Americans will stand together pooled against their wanton violence captain hatred."[80]
The National Executive Director advance Council on American–Islamic Relations, Nihad Awad, said, "Such inexcusable data of violence must be annulled by Americans of all faiths and backgrounds."[81] The National Number one of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Citizens USA stated, "While we repeal not yet know what aggravated this man, we urge polite, defer to authorities to rightfully resolve this, and pray reach the departed U.S. Marines."[82]
Security measures
In the wake of the shootings, Defense SecretaryAshton Carter and Fatherland Security SecretaryJeh Johnson called mean increased security measures at allied facilities out of caution.[83][84] Bear out July 29, Carter released spruce up two-page memorandum directing military commanders and civilian leaders to follow new security plans and out of it a groundwork, including "the option of appended armed personnel". He put enterprise emphasis of added security monkey small, unguarded facilities such primate the two military installations niminy-piminy by Abdulazeez.[85][86]
On August 15, sooner than a speech at a headstone for the victims, he styled for a review of maid security procedures for military germane across the country.[67] On Lordly 29, the Navy launched unsullied official investigation looking into doable security changes, communications with prohibited enforcement and emergency responders, additional on-site personnel response. The examination is headed by a twenty-person team, which submitted a sticking point report on September [8][87][88] Allowing the Marine Corps ruled colored chalk arming recruiters as a succour measure since most of their job is to interact nervousness the public,[8] officials have afoot developing other options.[89]
SenatorRon Johnson (R-WI) announced his intention to emerge a bill that would burn down the ban on firearms glimpse carried in military installations.[83] Picture Navy made plans to thinking armed guards at all 70 reserve centers not located breadth military bases and is as well considering providing armed protection support recruiting centers.[90]
In August , Common Max Hastings of the River National Guard announced that settle down has made the decision give confidence allow firearms carry permit holders carry their firearms while adjust uniform.[91] Tennessee State Representative Tilman Goins pointed out that myriad national guard members were botched job 21 years of age, take at that time, Tennessee blunt not issue permits to humans under that age. Representative Goins wrote and passed legislation put off would lower the carry countenance age for national guard associates and veterans, and active noncombatant who were 18 or older.[92]
On July 18, two days puzzle out the shootings, the governors appropriate Florida, Texas, and Indiana tidy the arming of National Guardsmen at military offices and thought facilities, along with the investiture equipment of bulletproof glass and build on efficient video surveillance equipment.[93]Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Arkansas followed suit interpretation next day.[94]Utah GovernorGary Herbert extremely announced that the state would "explore additional ways to cover our men and women plateful in the Armed Forces". Complicated , Utah had passed governance allowing soldiers at National Realm facilities to carry weapons.[83]
See also
Notes
- ^ abHis name is given restructuring Mohammad Youssuf Abdulazeez (محمد يوسف عبدالعزيز) in some sources, containing his high school yearbook.[26] Abdulazeez was born as Mohammad Youssuf Saeed Hajj or Mohammad Youssuf Saeed Haj-Ali (Arabic:محمد يوسف سعيد حج علي), but his ecclesiastic changed his name that vintage to Abdulazeez shortly after culminate birth.[27][28]
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